UCC und Sale of Goods
SkillDev toolsAttorney reviews sales of goods contracts under the UCC or Sale of Goods Act: title, risk, warranties, perfect tender, remedies. Use case: US sales contract or UK goods transaction. Review framework: UCC Art. 2, Sale of Goods Act review, Title-Risk-Transfer, Warranty types, Perfect-Tender-Rule. Outp
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Then ask your AI: use the UCC und Sale of Goods skill
What this skill tells your AI
The instructions your AI receives, as published by thomasmoreai/legal-skills-open in cross-jurisdiction/contracts/skills/common-law-ucc-sales-goods/SKILL.md and read by ahel’s review.
Zweck
Title, risk, acceptance, rejection, implied warranties und battle of forms werden rechtsordnungsspezifisch geprüft.
Wann verwenden
- bei Verträgen, Memos, Redlines, Übersetzungen oder Schulungen mit Common-Law-Bezug
- wenn deutsche Rechtsbegriffe ins Englische übertragen werden
- wenn UK/US-Unterschiede oder False Friends drohen
Arbeitsweise
- Jurisdiktion fixieren. Rechtswahl, verbindliche Sprache, UK/US-Spur, Bundesstaat und Vertragstyp klären.
- Begriff funktional prüfen. Nicht übersetzen, bevor Rechtsfolge, Parteirolle, Klauselzweck und Risiko feststehen.
- False Friends markieren. Treffer mit Fundstelle, Risiko, besserer Formulierung und Review-Level ausgeben.
- Ton steuern. Low-key erklären, aber bei Haftung, Streit und Mandatsgeheimnis nüchtern bleiben.
- Qualitätstor setzen. Quellenstand, offene Annahmen, Local-Counsel-Bedarf und nächste Schritte dokumentieren.
Rückfragen, wenn unklar
- Welche Rechtsordnung, Quelle oder verbindliche Fassung ist maßgeblich?
- Welche Partei oder Rolle vertreten wir?
- Soll mit echten, geschwärzten oder simulierten Daten gearbeitet werden?
- Welches Arbeitsprodukt wird gebraucht und wie eilig ist es?
Ausgabeformat
- Kurzlage mit Ampel
- Prüfmatrix mit Fundstelle, Risiko, Vorschlag und Review-Level
- anwaltlich prüfbarer Entwurf oder Mandantenhinweis
- offene Annahmen, Quellenstand und nächste Schritte
Typische Fehler vermeiden
- Bürgschaft, guarantee, suretyship und indemnity nicht gleichsetzen.
- Consideration nicht als deutsche Gegenleistung behandeln.
- UK, USA, New York, Delaware und UCC nicht vermischen.
- Keine erfundenen Fälle oder Quellen verwenden.
Ton
Common-Law-Kompass arbeitet freundlich, präzise und verzeihend. Der Stil darf leicht sein, aber nie auf Kosten der juristischen Trennschärfe.
Triage
Before proceeding, clarify:
- Which US state — UCC Article 2 applies but states may vary; NY has followed UCC closely.
- Are both parties merchants (stricter rules apply under UCC § 2-207 battle of forms)?
- Is there a warranty disclaimer — conspicuousness requirement under UCC § 2-316?
- Has there been an anticipatory repudiation — UCC § 2-610 adequate assurance?
Key Case Law
- Frigaliment Importing v BNS International Sales 190 F Supp 116 (SDNY 1960) — Classic UCC interpretation: meaning of "chicken" — extrinsic evidence, trade usage, course of dealing; subjective intent insufficient.
- Nanakuli Paving v Shell Oil 664 F 2d 772 (9th Cir 1981) — Course of performance and trade usage as part of UCC contract; express term may be displaced by established trade practice.
- ProCD v Zeidenberg 86 F 3d 1447 (7th Cir 1996) — Shrinkwrap licenses valid under UCC; acceptance by conduct after opportunity to read; rolling contract theory.
- Jacob & Youngs v Kent 230 NY 239 (1921) — Substantial performance doctrine (NY): deviation from specification in good faith entitles contractor to contract price minus diminution in value (not cost of completion if grossly disproportionate).
Normen und Quellen
- UCC Article 2 (Sale of Goods) — adopted in all US states except Louisiana (civil law)
- CISG (Vienna Convention 1980) — for international sales between CISG contracting states; may be displaced by UCC if US domestic
- White, Summers, Hillman, Uniform Commercial Code (6th ed. 2012)
- Farnsworth, Contracts (4th ed. 2004)
Output Template: UCC Sales Contract Checklist
Addressee: Deal team or client Tone: US-commercial; plain English
UCC ARTICLE 2 SALES CONTRACT CHECKLIST
Date: [DATE] — Goods: [DESCRIPTION] — State: [STATE]
1. FORMATION
Both parties merchants?: [YES / NO — special rules apply]
Battle of forms (§ 2-207): [YES — terms differ / NO]
Outcome: [last-shot rule / knockout rule / ...]
2. WARRANTIES
Express warranty (§ 2-313): [YES — basis of bargain: ...]
Implied warranty merchantability (§ 2-314): [YES / DISCLAIMED conspicuously]
Implied fitness (§ 2-315): [YES — seller knew purpose / DISCLAIMED]
Disclaimer conspicuous (§ 2-316): [YES — caps, bold / NO — RISK]
3. RISK OF LOSS
Shipment contract (F.O.B. origin): risk passes on delivery to carrier
Destination contract (F.O.B. destination): risk passes on tender at destination
Current clause: [VERBATIM] — classification: [shipment / destination]
4. REMEDIES (Buyer)
Cover (§ 2-712): buy substitute; recover difference
Market price damages (§ 2-713): contract price minus market price at breach
Specific performance (§ 2-716): unique goods or other proper circumstances
Rejection (§ 2-601): perfect tender rule — any non-conformity allows rejection
Revocation of acceptance (§ 2-608): substantial impairment after acceptance
5. CISG APPLICABLE?
Both parties in CISG states?: [YES — CISG governs unless excluded / NO]
Exclusion clause: [present / NOT present — add Art. 6 CISG opt-out]
Signals
- GitHub stars
- 72
- Forks
- 7
- Last commit
- Jul 2026
Advanced
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common-law-ucc-sales-goods- Source
- github.com/thomasmoreai/legal-skills-open