Gwinnett Index

A machine-readable index of zoning, land-use, and development records for Gwinnett County, Georgia and its 17 municipalities. Built for AI agents first, humans second.

Why this exists

A "Duluth, GA" mailing address is usually not in the City of Duluth. It's in unincorporated Gwinnett — a different code, a different board, a different permit portal. Nothing on the internet resolves an address to its governing jurisdiction before answering a zoning question, so every AI assistant answering "what's the setback in Duluth GA" today is guessing.

Unincorporated Gwinnett is 67.3% of the county's land area. Getting this wrong is the default, not the edge case.

What's here

Dataset	Records	Source
Jurisdiction boundaries	19 (county + unincorporated + 17 cities)	US Census TIGER — public domain
County zoning cases	11,739 (1970–2026)	Gwinnett GC_Planning ArcGIS
Resolved applicants	7,369 (from 8,246 raw spellings)	derived
Duluth UDC	860 sections, 18 tables	city PDF, 426 pp
Duluth meeting documents	356 (7,878 pp, 2023–2026)	duluthga.net
Duluth land-use cases	109 distinct, 64 with vote records	agenda mining

Setup — one time

The repo already has a starter README, so clone first and copy in — that avoids a push conflict:

git clone https://github.com/willmobhill-arch/gwinnett-index.git
tar -xzf gwinnett-index-repo.tar.gz -C gwinnett-index      # overwrites the stub README
cd gwinnett-index
git add -A && git commit -m "Gwinnett Index: pipeline, schema, and extracted corpora"
git push

Then, with the repo public, load the corpora. Postgres fetches them itself — you don't run anything locally, and no credential is involved:

-- set to your repo's raw base
-- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/willmobhill-arch/gwinnett-index/main/data/

SELECT load_udc_sections_from_url(
  'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/willmobhill-arch/gwinnett-index/main/data/udc_sections.jsonl');

SELECT * FROM load_duluth_cases_from_url(
  'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/willmobhill-arch/gwinnett-index/main/data/duluth_cases.jsonl');

SELECT load_meeting_docs_from_url(
  'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/willmobhill-arch/gwinnett-index/main/data/duluth_meeting_docs.jsonl');

Expected: 860 sections, 228 case rows (109 distinct), 356 meeting documents.

Architecture

Ingestion runs inside Postgres via the http extension — it fetches the county's ArcGIS REST services, Census TIGERweb, and this repo's own raw URLs directly. No external worker, no credentials in transit, and the whole 11,739-case county load moves zero bytes through a client.

ingest/
  duluth/          UDC PDF -> 860 sections + 18 tables (extract_udc, extract_tables)
  duluth_agendas/  crawl -> OCR -> parse case items from agendas/minutes/packets
db/migrations/     the schema, md5-verified against the live Supabase project
scripts/           export_snapshot.py (the only thing that talks to Postgres) + loaders
data/              extracted corpora, fetched by the SQL loaders above
site/              Astro static site + full agent surface (.md twins, llms.txt, DCAT)
worker/            Cloudflare Worker: REST API + MCP server, five tools, no auth
docs/plans/        design doc, build plan, status

Building the site

DATABASE_URL=postgresql://... python3 scripts/export_snapshot.py   # writes data/snapshot/
cd site && npm ci && SITE_URL=https://your-domain npm run ci        # build + 15 gates

Without a snapshot the site builds from site/fixtures/ — a small committed sample with identical shapes — and says so on every page. npm run ci fails the build if any route lacks a .md twin, any page presents records before naming its governing jurisdiction, or the bulk export contains geometry.

The API and MCP server

cd worker && npm ci && npm test        # 10 protocol tests, no network
wrangler secret put SUPABASE_ANON_KEY && wrangler deploy

Five tools, public, read-only, no auth: resolve_jurisdiction (always call first), search_cases, get_case, get_code_section, list_jurisdictions. The REST API mirrors the same five operations from the same implementation and publishes /openapi.json.

The adapter pattern

17 jurisdictions cannot be 17 hand-written scrapers. The vendor landscape consolidates hard — Municode, ArcGIS REST, CivicPlus, CivicClerk, BS&A, Accela — so roughly six adapters cover ~90% of them, and adding a city is a config file. Health metric: if a new city needs new code rather than a new config, the adapter layer is leaking.

Data quality, stated honestly

• Jurisdiction resolver: scored on 1,915 probe points from the county's own zoning layers. At confidence='high' it is correct 1,546/1,546 — 100%. Every error falls inside the low-confidence band. All 22 disagreements were within 141 m of a boundary (annexation lag; Census updates yearly).
• Duluth UDC: 97.3% raw text coverage; the gap is stripped heading lines, leaving 591 unexplained characters across 426 pages.
• UDC Table 2-B (dimensional standards) is verified cell-for-cell against the rendered source page. The other 17 tables are extracted but not spot-checked, and Table 2-B's merged PUD/CBD rows remain unreliable. Flags are in the data.
• Duluth minutes: 57–69% are scanned with no text layer (printed, signed, re-scanned). OCR text is stored separately with text_source='ocr' and is a reconstruction, never a quotation of the record.
• Duluth's 109 cases are a finding aid, not a dataset. Measured field by field: 67 have a "location" containing no street number, 57 have a "request" that is just the word ORDINANCE, 23 have an applicant field that ran on into a mailing address, and only 13 carry a zoning district. Each row links to the PDF it came from; the document is the record and the fields point at it. Published as stats.duluth_extraction.
• Applicant resolution: 271 variants merged on tight edit distance; 262 lower-confidence pairs are queued for human review rather than merged on a guess. A split entity is visibly wrong; a wrongly merged one looks authoritative and is invisible.

Legal posture

Content	Posture	Basis
Ordinance / plan text	Mirror in full	Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org (2020) — edicts of government
Case records	Mirror in full	Facts; Georgia Open Records Act
County parcel/zoning geometry	Proxy only, never rehost	Gwinnett GIS licence forbids redistribution
Jurisdiction boundaries	Host	US Census TIGER — public domain
IBC/IRC base text	Never	ICC copyright; index Georgia amendments only

This index is a mirror and derived analysis, not the system of record. Every record carries source_url and last_verified.

Published under CC0.