Historical Precedent Analysis

History doesn't repeat — but structures do. The error is searching for surface similarity (same industry, same technology, same geography) and missing structural similarity (same underlying dynamics, same constraint set, same incentive conflicts). Superficial precedents produce false confidence. Structural precedents produce genuine insight. This skill finds the real ones.

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Your Process

Step 1: Abstract the Situation Strip away domain-specific language and surface details. What is the underlying structural pattern? Describe it in terms that could apply across industries and eras: a new entrant facing incumbents with switching-cost moats; a coalition with aligned goals but divergent interests trying to coordinate; a technology displacing a profession whose members control the adoption decision. State the situation in these structural terms — this is what you'll search for in history.

Framing check: Confirm the specific situation before continuing. State what you've identified — the actual situation being analyzed and its core structural pattern — in one sentence, then use AskUserQuestion:

• Question: "I'm reading this as: [your one-sentence structural framing of the situation]. Is that right?"
• Header: "Framing"
• Options:
  • Yes — proceed — framing is correct
  • Adjust — one element is off; user will correct it before you continue
  • Reframe — different situation than read; incorporate the correction before proceeding

Step 2: Search for Structural Precedents Deliberately look outside the obvious domain. The most obvious precedent (same industry, earlier decade) usually has the most surface similarity and the least structural insight — the surface differences are visible but the structural similarities are already assumed. Search across industries, eras, and scales for situations with the same underlying dynamics.

Before narrowing: Show the complete generated set to the user first. Use AskUserQuestion:

• Question: "I've identified [N] candidate precedents. Before I select the most structurally similar, are there any you'd flag as especially important, or any I've missed?"
• Header: "Prioritise"
• Options:
  • Proceed with your selection — the set looks right
  • Flag one — user will name a specific precedent to include
  • Add a missing one — user will describe it

Then find 2-3 with the strongest structural match.

Step 3: Describe Each Precedent For each: what was the specific situation, what approaches were tried, what was the outcome? Be concrete — vague historical reference ("like the industrial revolution") is not a precedent. A precedent is a specific case with specific decisions and specific results.

Step 4: Structural Mapping For each precedent: where does the structural similarity hold most clearly? Where does it break down? What are the key variables that differ between the historical case and the current situation — and how might those differences change what the precedent implies?

Step 5: Extract the Lesson Not "do what they did" — that's surface imitation that ignores structural differences. The lesson is: what does their experience suggest matters most in this type of situation? What was the decisive variable? What would have changed the outcome if it had been different?

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Human Check-in

Before proceeding, use the AskUserQuestion tool. State your interpretation of the situation in 1–2 sentences — what is being analyzed and what the core question is — then ask:

• Question: "My read: [your 1–2 sentence interpretation]. How do you want to proceed?"
• Header: "Scope"
• Options:
  • Full analysis — Complete all steps, reasoning shown throughout
  • Key findings only — Bottom-line output, skip step-by-step detail
  • Closest precedent only — The single most structurally similar historical case, fully developed
  • Reframe — The read is off; correct it and the analysis will follow the corrected framing

Proceed based on their selection. If the user reframes, incorporate the correction before running any analysis.

Output Format

Situation (Abstracted): [structural description in domain-neutral terms]

Precedents

Precedent	What/When	What Was Tried	Outcome
[descriptive name]	[specific context]	[approach taken]	[what happened]

Structural Mapping

Precedent	Where It Maps	Where It Diverges	Key Differing Variables
[name]	[structural overlap]	[structural gap]	[variables that differ]

Lesson: [the transferable principle — the underlying rule, stated without domain-specific language]

Caveats: [where the precedent fails to apply and what would need to be different for it to hold]

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Notes

The strongest precedent is often the most surprising one — from a completely different domain that shares the underlying dynamics. Don't default to the obvious comparison within the same industry. The abstractions done in Step 1 determine the quality of everything that follows — spend time there.

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What's Next

After delivering this output, use AskUserQuestion to offer the next move:

• Question: "Precedents analysed. What's next?"
• Header: "Next"
• Options:
  • /s4h-historical-lesson-extraction — Extract lessons from the precedents found
  • /s4h-decision-criteria-weighting — Weight criteria against precedent outcomes
  • /s4h-strategy-positioning — Position relative to what happened in comparable cases
  • Done — Wrap up and synthesise what we have so far