wordpress

Drive the WordPress REST API (/wp-json/wp/v2) with curl + jq.

The user's self-hosted WordPress credentials are injected as env vars:

• $WORDPRESS_SITE_URL — site root, e.g. https://blog.example.com
• $WORDPRESS_USERNAME — the WordPress login username
• $WORDPRESS_APP_PASSWORD — an Application Password (WP 5.6+ core), NOT the login password. Treat it like a secret — never log or echo it.

Auth is HTTP Basic (username:app_password) over HTTPS. Set up a reusable base once, then every call reuses it:

# Normalize the site URL (strip a trailing slash) and build the API base.
SITE="${WORDPRESS_SITE_URL%/}"
API="$SITE/wp-json/wp/v2"
# -u sends HTTP Basic auth; --fail-with-body surfaces the JSON error body on 4xx/5xx.
WP=(curl -sS --fail-with-body -u "$WORDPRESS_USERNAME:$WORDPRESS_APP_PASSWORD")

Don't add -L/--location to these calls. A redirect usually means the site URL is wrong. curl strips the Authorization header when a redirect crosses host or scheme (e.g. http→https, apex→www) — exactly the cases that occur here — so the followed request runs unauthenticated and can return the site's HTML page with HTTP 200: it looks like success but wrote nothing. Fix the URL instead (see the /wp-json gotcha below).

Errors come back as {"code": "...", "message": "...", "data": {"status": 401}} — show message verbatim. Common codes:

HTTP	Meaning	What to tell the user
401	incorrect_password / bad Basic auth	Application Password wrong or revoked → regenerate it and reconnect the WordPress connector
401	rest_not_logged_in on a plain-http:// site	Application Passwords are disabled without HTTPS → the user must enable HTTPS
403	rest_cannot_create / insufficient role	The user's role can't publish; needs Author/Editor/Admin, or Application Passwords are disabled on the site
404	rest_no_route	REST API disabled or a security plugin blocks /wp-json → the user must re-enable it
400	rest_invalid_param	Bad field (e.g. unknown category id) → fix and retry
500	rest_upload_sideload_error	wp-content/uploads isn't writable by the web server → the user must fix directory permissions

content is HTML, not Markdown. Raw Markdown renders literally. pandoc is not installed — convert with Python's markdown package (preinstalled in the sandbox). If the import ever fails, pip install markdown first, then:

HTML=$(python3 -c "
import sys, markdown
print(markdown.markdown(sys.stdin.read(), extensions=['fenced_code','tables']))
" <<'MD'
## 标题

正文 **粗体**
MD
)

Step 0 — verify the connection first

"${WP[@]}" "$API/users/me?context=edit" | jq '{id, name, slug, roles}'

context=edit is required — without it WP omits roles/capabilities entirely, so you cannot tell whether the account may publish. A 200 with roles containing administrator, editor or author confirms the site URL, username, Application Password and publish permission. If this fails, stop and surface the error — don't attempt writes.

Publish or draft a post

Publishing is public and hard to undo — confirm with the user before using status=publish. Default to status=draft and hand back the edit link.

jq -n --arg t "国内如何稳定调用 Claude API" \
      --arg c "<p>正文 HTML……</p>" \
      --arg s "draft" \
  '{title:$t, content:$c, status:$s}' \
| "${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/posts" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @- \
| jq '{id, status, link, edit: "\(env.WORDPRESS_SITE_URL)/wp-admin/post.php?action=edit&post=\(.id)"}'

With categories / tags / excerpt (ids come from the endpoints below):

jq -n --arg t "标题" --arg c "<p>正文</p>" --arg e "一句话摘要" \
  '{title:$t, content:$c, excerpt:$e, status:"draft",
    categories:[5], tags:[12,34]}' \
| "${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/posts" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @- \
| jq '{id, status, link}'

• Publish an existing draft: POST $API/posts/<id> body {"status":"publish"}.
• Update a post: POST $API/posts/<id> with any subset of fields (WP REST uses POST, not PUT, for updates).
• Delete (trash) a post: "${WP[@]}" -X DELETE "$API/posts/<id>".
• Schedule a post: {"status":"future","date_gmt":"2030-01-01T00:00:00"} (UTC, no trailing Z).

SEO fields that actually matter

WordPress core emits <link rel="canonical"> on its own but ships no meta description tag at all — that only appears if the site runs an SEO plugin (Yoast, Rank Math, SEOPress) or a theme that renders one. Those consume the post's excerpt, so setting excerpt is what makes a good description possible; it does nothing on a bare core install. For an SEO post always set:

Field	Why
slug	The permalink. Set it explicitly to a short ASCII keyword phrase — otherwise a CJK title becomes a percent-encoded URL.
excerpt	Source for the SEO plugin's meta description and for list-page summaries. One sentence.
categories / tags	Internal linking + topic clustering.
featured_media	Social/OG card image.
media alt_text	Image SEO + accessibility. Set it on the media object (below).

jq -n --arg s "claude-api-guide" --argjson c 3 --argjson m 9 \
  '{title:"如何稳定调用 Claude API：完整对接指南",
    slug:$s,
    content:"<h2>小标题</h2><p>正文</p>",
    excerpt:"一句话摘要，用于 meta description。",
    status:"publish", categories:[$c], featured_media:$m}' \
| "${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/posts" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @- \
| jq '{id, status, slug, link}'

Before publishing: check for a duplicate

WordPress will NOT reject a duplicate slug — it silently appends -2, so an unattended/scheduled run that reposts the same article creates an endless trail of near-identical URLs that compete with each other in search. Always pre-check:

SLUG="claude-api-guide"
# Fail CLOSED at BOTH steps: a failed request, or a 200 that isn't a JSON array
# (HTML from a redirect/permalink issue, or an error object), must abort — never
# fall through and create the duplicate this check exists to prevent.
if ! LOOKUP=$("${WP[@]}" "$API/posts?slug=$SLUG&status=publish,draft,future&_fields=id,link"); then
  echo "duplicate check failed (request error) — aborting" >&2; exit 1
fi
if ! EXISTING=$(printf '%s' "$LOOKUP" | jq -er 'if type=="array" then (.[0].id // "") else error("not a JSON array") end'); then
  echo "duplicate check failed (unexpected response) — aborting" >&2; exit 1
fi
if [ -n "$EXISTING" ]; then
  echo "already exists as post $EXISTING — update it instead of creating a new one"
  # update:  "${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/posts/$EXISTING" ...
fi

Prefer updating the existing post over creating a near-duplicate. This matters most in Scheduled Tasks, where nobody is watching the output.

List / read posts

"${WP[@]}" "$API/posts?per_page=10&status=publish,draft&_fields=id,title,status,link,date" \
  | jq '.[] | {id, title: .title.rendered, status, link, date}'

Paginate with &page=2; the total page count is in the X-WP-TotalPages response header (add -D - to see headers).

Categories & tags (get or create ids)

# List existing
"${WP[@]}" "$API/categories?per_page=100&_fields=id,name,slug" | jq '.[] | {id, name}'
"${WP[@]}" "$API/tags?per_page=100&_fields=id,name,slug"       | jq '.[] | {id, name}'

# Create one (returns its id)
jq -n --arg n "AI 教程" '{name:$n}' \
| "${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/categories" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @- \
| jq '{id, name}'

Creating a term that already exists returns {"code":"term_exists", ... "data":{"status":400,"term_id":<id>}} — reuse .data.term_id instead of failing.

Upload media (featured image / in-body image)

FILE="./cover.png"
NAME="$(basename "$FILE")"
MEDIA_ID=$("${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/media" \
  -H "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"$NAME\"" \
  -H "Content-Type: image/png" \
  --data-binary @"$FILE" | jq -r '.id')
echo "media id=$MEDIA_ID"

# Set alt text (image SEO + accessibility) — a separate call on the media object.
jq -n --arg a "Claude API 架构图" '{alt_text:$a}' \
| "${WP[@]}" -X POST "$API/media/$MEDIA_ID" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d @- | jq '{id, alt_text}'

# Attach as the post's featured image:
#   add  "featured_media": <MEDIA_ID>  to the post body.

Gotchas

• HTTPS is effectively required for Application Passwords. WP gates them on wp_is_application_passwords_available(), which is false on a plain-http:// production site → authenticated calls fail with rest_not_logged_in (401). (The gate is filterable and is bypassed when WP_ENVIRONMENT_TYPE is local, so a dev box may still work — but any real site the user connects must serve HTTPS.)

• $WORDPRESS_SITE_URL must exactly match the site's configured address. If it differs (missing/extra www, http vs https), WP answers /wp-json/... with a 301 to the canonical host. Fix the stored site URL in the connector rather than papering over it with -L.

• A security plugin / host may block /wp-json (Wordfence, "disable REST API" plugins, some managed hosts). Symptom: 404 rest_no_route or an HTML login page instead of JSON. The user must allow REST API access.

• Pretty permalinks may be off. If /wp-json/wp/v2/... returns the site's HTML instead of JSON, the site is on plain permalinks — use the always-available query form instead: $SITE/?rest_route=/wp/v2/posts.

• The Application Password contains spaces (e.g. abcd efgh ijkl mnop). Keep them — curl -u handles the spaces fine; don't strip them.

• Never publish silently. Even if the user says "post it", prefer creating a draft and returning the wp-admin edit link unless they explicitly asked to go live. (In an unattended Scheduled Task the user has pre-authorized the run, so publishing directly is expected there — but still run the duplicate check.)

Record the output

After you successfully publish and obtain the live result URL, call the built-in publish_artifact tool ONCE so the user can track this deliverable in My Outputs:

publish_artifact(kind="article", channel="wordpress", title="<title>", url="<the REAL returned URL>", status="delivered")

Use the real returned URL — never fabricate one. Call it once per published item, only after delivery is confirmed; skip it (or use status="failed") if publishing failed. See _shared/artifacts.md.